By Sinaitic tradition, how many days before Rosh HaShanah of the Sabbatical year is it forbidden to work the land?
Halachah 1 states explicitly that the halachah l'Moshe m'Sinai forbids working the land for the last 30 days of the 6th year, as one is effectively preparing for the Sabbatical year.
Question 2
What is the minimum production threshold that qualifies a grove of trees as an 'orchard' permitting full-field plowing?
Halachah 2 defines an orchard as three trees in a se'ah area (50×50 cubits) that together would produce 60 maneh of dried figs — even if they belong to three different owners.
Question 3
When 10 saplings (plantings) are spread out across a se'ah area, until when may one plow the entire field?
Halachah 5 rules that 10 saplings spread across a se'ah area permit plowing the entire area until Rosh HaShanah — a more lenient rule than mature orchards, and itself a halachah l'Moshe m'Sinai.
Question 4
A tree was cut and a new shoot emerged from a stump that stands three finger-widths (less than a handbreadth) above the ground. How is this new growth classified?
Halachah 8 rules that if the stump is cut less than a handbreadth above the ground, the new growth is classified as a planting. Only a stump a handbreadth or more above the ground preserves the 'tree' classification.
Question 5
Someone plants a tree 40 days before Rosh HaShanah of Shemitah (fewer than 44 days) and fails to uproot it before Shemitah. What is the halachic status of the fruit it subsequently produces?
Halachah 11 states that while the tree must be uprooted (and this obligation passes to the heir), if it was not uprooted the fruit it produces is permitted — the penalty applies to the act, not to the fruit after the fact.