A se'ah of terumah falls into exactly 100 se'ah of ordinary produce. What is the correct procedure?
When terumah falls into 100 se'ah, it is nullified ritually, but financially the priest is owed his due. One se'ah is removed and given to the priest; the remaining 100 se'ah are permitted (H1).
Question 2
Ten se'ah of terumah fell into 90 se'ah of ordinary produce, creating a miduma mixture. If ten se'ah from this mixture then fall into 90 more se'ah of ordinary produce, what is the status of the second mixture?
We calculate the proportion of terumah carried into the second mixture. Ten se'ah from a 10:90 terumah mixture contains at least one se'ah of terumah, falling into only 90 se'ah — less than the required 100:1 — so the second mixture is miduma (H3).
Question 3
Low-quality wheat that is terumah falls into slightly less than 100 se'ah of high-quality ordinary wheat, and the whole is ground into flour. The terumah flour is now one-hundredth of the ordinary flour. What is the ruling?
Waste products of ordinary produce count toward nullifying terumah. The bran from the high-quality ordinary grain, combined with its flour, exceeds 100 times the terumah flour, so the terumah is nullified (H7).
Question 4
A se'ah of terumah fell into 50 se'ah of ordinary produce. The owner then deliberately added 51 more se'ah of ordinary produce to create a ratio exceeding 100:1. What is the ruling?
It is forbidden to nullify a Scriptural prohibition as an initial preference. When the owner deliberately adds ordinary produce to achieve the ratio, our Sages penalized him and the entire mixture is considered miduma (H10).
Question 5
Two containers exist — one with terumah and one with ordinary produce — and no one knows which is which. The contents of one container fall into ordinary produce. What is the ruling?
When we are uncertain whether terumah or ordinary produce fell into the mixture, we do not declare it forbidden due to doubt. We assume the ordinary produce fell in, and the mixture is permitted — especially since terumah in this era is Rabbinic (H13).