Is lighting Shabbat candles a Torah or rabbinic obligation?
Shabbat candles are a rabbinic obligation instituted for kavod Shabbat (honoring Shabbat) and shalom bayit (domestic peace). Both men and women are obligated.
Question 2
Why is olive oil the preferred fuel for Shabbat candles?
Olive oil is preferred because it produces the best light — steady, bright, and drawing well into the wick. Quality illumination is the point.
Question 3
Why did the Sages forbid certain fuels and wicks?
Flickering or unsteady light tempts you to tilt, adjust, or tend the lamp — all forbidden on Shabbat. The fuel/wick restrictions prevent this.
Question 4
Is a blind person obligated in Shabbat candles?
Even a blind person is obligated — the mitzvah creates light for the entire household. Others benefit from it, and the blind person fulfills the mitzvah.
Question 5
When must Shabbat candles be lit?
Shabbat candles must be lit before sunset. For many, the candle-lighting is the personal acceptance of Shabbat — after lighting, Shabbat has begun for that person.