How is the third judge selected in the three-judge selection process?
Each litigant chooses one judge, and those two judges together choose the third — creating a balanced panel.
Question 2
A litigant accepts his opponent's relative as a judge without making a kinyan. Before the trial, can he retract?
Without a kinyan, a litigant may retract his acceptance of a disqualified judge before the trial begins. Once the trial begins, he cannot retract even without a kinyan.
Question 3
A litigant owed an oath reverses it onto the plaintiff. The plaintiff takes the oath. Can the defendant retract?
Once the plaintiff has taken the oath, the reversal is complete and binding. The defendant cannot retract at that point.
Question 4
A litigant said he had no witnesses, then witnesses arrived from overseas. Can the judgment be reopened?
When witnesses arrive from overseas — or a lost document is found — after the litigant genuinely could not have produced them, the judgment may be revisited.
Question 5
What special rule applies to a minor heir who completes arguments and later produces proof?
A minor heir receives special leniency. Even after completing arguments, if new proof emerges, the case may be reopened, since the minor could not have been expected to know the entire case.