What is the minimum standard for a rebellious elder's dispute to incur capital liability?
The dispute must involve — or lead through consequences to — a prohibition whose deliberate violation is karet and inadvertent violation requires a sin offering. Lesser disputes do not carry the death penalty.
Question 2
If a sage disputes whether a woman is a 'zavah' or not, is he liable?
Disputes about a woman's purity status directly involve potential karet — if she is ruled pure when impure and her husband cohabits with her willfully, that is a karet violation.
Question 3
Why does a dispute about intercalating the year (adding a leap month) incur liability?
If a leap month is incorrectly added or withheld, people may consume chametz on the true date of Pesach — a karet violation. The calendar dispute thus leads through consequences to karet.
Question 4
Which of these disputes would NOT incur execution for a rebellious elder?
A dispute about whether a lulav is valid or invalid does not lead to any karet violation — it is purely a Rabbinic fulfillment matter. Such disputes are specifically exempt from the death penalty.
Question 5
What is unique about the liability for a rebellious elder regarding tefillin?
Tefillin is a special exception: even though a tefillin dispute does not lead to karet, the rebellious elder is still liable. This is a halacha transmitted through the Oral Tradition.