According to Rambam, what does "an eye for an eye" (Exodus 21:24) require the injurer to pay?
Halachah 2 states that oral tradition interprets תחת as requiring financial recompense, not physical punishment. This is a halacha le-Moshe mi-Sinai (halachah 6).
Question 2
Which assessments is a person liable for when he permanently cuts off a colleague's hand?
Halachah 1 establishes that when all five apply, all five are collected. Cutting off a limb causes permanent damage, pain, requires medical care, prevents work, and is humiliating.
Question 3
A person is sleeping alongside a colleague and rolls over, injuring him. Who is liable?
Halachah 11 states that when two people sleep down together simultaneously and one rolls and injures the other, the one who moved is liable, since a person is mu'ad at all times.
Question 4
A person fell off a roof due to an ordinary wind and landed on a colleague, causing injury. For how many assessments is he liable?
Halachah 12 states that one who falls due to an ordinary (common) wind is liable for four assessments but exempt from boshet, since boshet requires intentional action.
Question 5
Someone throws a stone, and the victim extends his head out of a window and is struck. What is the thrower's liability?
Halachah 19 derives from Deuteronomy 19:5 that one who "places himself" in the path of harm cannot claim damages — the thrower is entirely exempt.