A person kindles fire on his own property and it spreads to his neighbor's field. Is he liable?
Halachah 1-2: Even on one's own property, the owner must distance the fire sufficiently so it cannot spread to a neighbor's field — failure to do so creates liability.
Question 2
A person sends a fire via a competent adult agent, who then spreads it and causes damage. Who is liable?
Halachah 5: When a competent agent spreads the fire, the agent bears liability — the principal who sent a competent person is exempt ('there is no agency for sinful acts').
Question 3
One person provides the flame and another provides the wood. Fire starts and causes damage. Who pays?
Halachah 6: The one who brought the wood is liable — wood is the primary fuel, and without wood the flame would have died. The wood-bringer is considered the effective cause.
Question 4
Fire spreads from a grain heap and burns a kid that was tied to the heap. Who pays for the kid?
Halachah 9: The fire setter is liable for everything the fire burns in the area, including animals tied to the grain heap — the fire is treated as his ongoing agent.
Question 5
Fire injures a person. What compensation categories does the fire-setter owe?
Halachah 14: When fire injures a human being, the fire-setter owes the complete five categories of tort compensation: damages, lost work, medical expenses, pain, and embarrassment.