A person sells a ship. Is the small fishing dinghy that the sailors use included?
The sale of a ship does not include the dugit (small fishing boat), the beitzit (small rowboat to shore), crew-servants, leather sacks, or cargo. These are separate items.
Question 2
A person sells 'a yoke' to his colleague. Is the cow included?
Selling a single yoke (ha-ol) includes the cow harnessed to it. However, selling a cow does not include the yoke — the asymmetry reflects the dominant role of the animal.
Question 3
A maid-servant is sold wearing 50 dinarim worth of clothing. Is the clothing included in the sale?
When selling a maid-servant, all garments she wears are included, even if worth 100 maneh. However, jewelry (bracelets, nose rings, rings, chokers) is never included.
Question 4
A person says 'I am selling you this nursing cow.' Is the calf included?
A nursing cow's sale does NOT include the calf. However, a PREGNANT cow's sale does include the unborn calf. A nursing she-donkey's sale does include the foal — because one doesn't buy a donkey for its milk.
Question 5
Someone says 'I sell you the head of this slave.' What does the buyer acquire?
Selling the 'head' of a slave (or donkey) — organs on which life depends — conveys half the animal/person. This is unlike a cow's head, which is regularly sold separately in butcher shops and thus means only the head itself.