The Torah says "when you lie down and when you arise" — this creates two daily obligations: evening and morning.
Question 2
What is the minimum kavvanah required for Shema?
The Rambam rules: at minimum, concentrate fully on the first verse. This is the essential declaration of God's unity.
Question 3
Can Shema be recited in a language other than Hebrew?
The Rambam permits reading Shema in any language the person understands. The key is understanding the declaration, not the specific language.
Question 4
What happens if you read Shema silently without hearing your own voice?
The Rambam says one should hear one's own voice. If read silently, b'dieved (after the fact) it may count, but l'chatchila (ideally) you must speak audibly.
Question 5
When is the latest time for the morning Shema?
The morning Shema must be completed by the end of the first quarter of the day (approximately 3 hours after sunrise). After that, the window closes.